• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Attractive composition of the diocalandra frumenti species, methods for monitoring, and/or control of the pest, and/or damage prevention in palm trees. The present invention describes a composition for attracting insects of the species diocalandra frumenti, and comprising an effective amount of multistriatin (5-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo [3.2.1] octane) and which can be formulate alone or in combination with other additional ingredients that are detailed in the present application; the method for monitoring the insect populations of the diocalandra frumenti species; the method to control insect pests of the species diocalandra frumenti; and the method to prevent damage to palm trees produced by this species. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2638713A1
    申请号:ES201630512
    申请日:2016-04-22
    公开日:2017-10-23
    发明作者:Ismael Navarro Fuertes；Sandra VACAS GONZÁLEZ；Vicente Navarro Llopis；Rosario LOPEZ MORENO；Jaime Primo Millo；Estrella HERNANDEZ SUAREZ；Elena SERIS BARRALLO
    申请人:Ecologia Y Proteccion Agricola S L；Ecologia Y Proteccion Agricola Sl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    ATTRACTING COMPOSITION OF THE DIOCALANDRA FRUMENTI SPECIES, METHODS FOR FOLLOW-UP, AND / OR PEST CONTROL, AND / OR DAMAGE PREVENTION IN PALMERAS
    DESCRIPTION
    Technique Field
    The present invention falls within the technical sector of pest control, in particular of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    The present invention describes a composition comprising multistriatin, as well as its use as an attractant for the species Diocalandra frumenti, and the method of monitoring and / or the method of control of the population of Diocalandra frumenti, as well as the method of prevention of damage in palm trees for pests of that species.
    State of the art prior to the invention
    The four-spotted weevil, Diocalandra frumenti (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), also known as "picudm," constitutes a lethal pest that attacks palm trees and poses a major threat to palm groves.
    Diocalandra frumenti is native to the coastal areas of Asia in the Indian Ocean (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, etc.). It is also described in Madagascar, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania, Australia, Guam, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, the Solomon Islands, Ecuador and Spain (Canary Islands) (European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). Diocalandra frumenti (Coleoptera, Curculionidae ) Four-spotted coconut weevil. 2008; Center for Agricultural Bioscience International (CABI). Distribution maps of pests, Diocalandra frumenti, MAP no. 249. 2009).
    Currently Diocalandra frumenti is a pest of at least 17 genera of Arecaceae. Most of these economically important palm species are grown with
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    food or ornamental purposes, such as Cocos nucifera L., Phoenix dactylifera L., Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud or Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Kalshoven, LE. Pests of crops in Indonesia. 2nd Edit., Van Hoeve Jakarta 1981. 701 pp .; Salomone Suarez, F; Carnero Hernandez, A; Marrero Ferrer, M; Gonzalez Hernandez, A. Presence in the palearctic zone of Diocalandra frumenti Fabricius, (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), Boletm of the Spanish Entomology Association, 2000, 24, 263-264). It has also been detected in Archontophoenix alexandrea, Chrysalidocarpus lutescens, Dypsis lucebencis, Howea belmoreana, Mascarena verchaffeltii, Phoenix loureirii, Phoenix roebelenii and Roystonea regia (AgriFood and Veterinary Authority (AVA) of Singapore. P.40 of Annual Report 2005/06. coconut palm weevil, Diocalandra frumenti Fabricius was found in a first report on Metroxylon sagu in Singapore. 2006; Nursery and Garden Industry Australia (NGIA). The nursery Papers, Issue no 1998/02. Getting control of weevil borers and leaf beetles in palms .1998; Salomone, F; Cabellero Ruano, M. New pest for Phoenix canariensis Hort. Ex. Chab. In its original habitat, the Canary Islands. Situation report. 2 pp. 2008).
    Diocalandra frumenti according to the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) belongs to the order Coleoptera, Curculionidae family, Dryophthorinae subfamily and Diocalandra genus. It is a small beetle (6-8 mm long) with four large reddish spots on the elytra (Hill, DS. Diocalandra frumenti. In: Agricultural insect pests of the tropics and their control. 1983. 2nd Edition. Cambridge University Press , Cambridge, UK, pp. 478-479). Its biology is still poorly understood but in the conditions of the Canary archipelago, generations follow each other continuously throughout the year and the duration of the complete cycle (egg-adult) is 2.5 to 3 months (Government of the Canary Islands. Diocalandra frumenti 2009. Boletm 4: 1-2).
    This kind of pest attacks by drilling the palm trees. The female lays eggs at various points in the plant: inflorescences, base of peclols or peduncles, in the cracks near adventitious roots and at the base of the stem. When the egg hatches, the larva (responsible for the damage) develops inside the palm tree, it makes galenas on the roots, peclolos, inflorescences and fruits of the palm tree, feeding on the tender tissue through which the sap that goes to the leaflets of the palm tree, where photosynthesis develops.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Damages begin with the drying of the lower leaves and the formation of small galenas in the spine that can affect the vascular bundles, causing the deterioration of the palm (yellowing, wilting, detachment of fruits, etc.). Moreover, when performing pruning work, a screening or dotting of the cutting surface of the leaves and the holes of the galenas can be seen. Also, rubbery exudations at the galenas' openings (Gonzalez Nunez, M; Jimenez Alvarez, A; Solomon, F; Ram, A; Del Estal, P; Esteban Duran, JR. Diocalandra frumenti (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), new plague of palm trees introduced in Gran Canaria, first studies of its biology and laboratory crla, Platy Plant Health Bulletin, 2002, 28 (3), 347-355). The number of individuals that can be found in a palm tree has been estimated in hundreds, showing evidence of a typical aggregation behavior.
    The damage caused by the larvae is visible very late, due to the cryptic nature of the species and, when the symptoms of the infection appear, the situation is so serious that in some cases the palm is unrecoverable. In the case of Phoenix spp. necrotic areas are seen at the base of the leaves that produce characteristic deformations, and if necrosis is important, the leaves even fall into green. In fact, strong attacks within six to eight months cause the palm to dry and die. From the above it is concluded that it is necessary to establish an effective method to monitor and / or control this pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species. Additionally, a method is required to prevent damage to palm trees.
    Diocalandra frumenti also acts as a vector in the spread of fungal diseases such as Gliocladium vermoesenii, Thielaviopsis paradoxa and Fusarium spp., Aspergillum spp., Cladosporium spp., And Pennicillium spp. Which are also lethal to palm trees (Salomone, F; Ruano hair , M. New pest for Phoenix canariensis Hort. Ex. Chab. In its original habitat, the Canary Islands. Situation report. 2
    pp. 2008).
    The Canarian palm (Phoenix canariensis), vegetable symbol of the Canary archipelago (Law 7/1991 of Nature Symbols for the Canary Islands), considered by scientists and experts from around the world as the most beautiful and without any doubt, as a plant element ornamental, is the one that prevails over the other species of
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Palm tree that exists, is strongly threatened by Diocalandra frumenti because of the uncontrolled importation of other palm species for landscape purposes. Since he first met in 1998 in the tourist area of Maspalomas (Gran Canaria) (Salomone Suarez, F .; Carnero Hernandez, A .; Gonzalez Hernandez, A., Marrero Ferrer, M. Presence in the palearctic zone of Diocalandra Fruiusii Fabricius, (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), Bulletin of the Spanish Association of Entomologla 2000, 24 (1-2), 263-264), imported with the Phoenix dactylifera palm, this weevil has spread throughout the coastal urban belt of the island of Gran Canaria and also, for the islands of Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and Tenerife in a much more important, pernicious and extensive way than the red weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). It is estimated that on the island of Gran Canaria this pest is responsible for the death of more than 20,000 palm trees of the Phoenix canariensis species and is at the gates of occupying natural palm trees.
    The way to act against the plague of the species of Diocalandra frumenti is different from that of other curculionids such as the palm weevil (Rhyncophorus ferrugineus). The red weevil flies and chooses the species and the specimen of the palm tree that it will colonize. On the contrary, Diocalandra frumenti advances as a front that is sweeping with all the palm trees that is in its path. In addition to being an imported pest colonizes other palm trees in which it does not find natural enemies thus representing a clear threat to the palms.
    To try to avoid the dispersion of the plague of the species Diocalandra frumenti, the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food of the Government of the Canary Islands published the Order October 29, 2007 (BOC num. 222 of November 6, 2007), in which establishes phytosanitary measures for its eradication and control. However, in this Order no insecticide is defined for chemical control and, in addition, there is no chemical substance authorized by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment (MAGRAMA). Currently, to try to control Diocalandra frumenti, foliar applications of chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam are made or direct injections to the trunk of neonicotinoid insecticides, without being fully effective.
    As an alternative to these ways of preventing the spread of the pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species, old and dead leaves are removed and destroyed to reduce
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    the hatcheries, but avoiding the pruning in the warmest season so as not to induce the emission of kairomonas of this species.
    Another method of control of the pest of the species Diocalandra frumenti, is carried out by installing traps primed with kairomonas, semi-chemical non-specific for this species such as the use of traps of the bucket type primed with pieces of palm tree or sugar cane and water . However, the plant material has low attractiveness in itself for these weevils and very short duration, since the rapid rot of this material causes a significant decrease in catches, so currently there is no method of controlling the pest of the species Diocalandra frumenti effective and long lasting.
    Therefore, given the shortage of tools for the effective treatment of this pest, it would be desirable to have effective methods to specifically attract and thus be able to control the pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    For this, the present invention provides specific attractant compositions as essential tools that allow the development of an effective method of attraction, capture and control, and preferably the elimination of the Diocalandra frumenti pest in a clean and long-lasting way.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Brief Description of the Invention
    The present invention describes an attractant composition of insects of the species Diocalandra frumenti, comprising, multistriatin (5-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo [3.2.1] octane), alone or in combination with other semiochemicals as described in this application. Preferably, multistriatin is found in an amount effective to attract insects from a pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species. Another object of the present invention is a method for monitoring the population of insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species. Another object of the present invention is a method for controlling the insect pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species. Another object of the present invention is the method of preventing palm damage caused by this species.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    The insect attractant composition of the Diocalandra frumenti species of the present invention may comprise multistriatin as a mixture of several diastereomeric forms according to the following formula (I):
    in which the substituents R1, R2, R3 and R4 may correspond to atoms of
    hydrogen or methyl groups. When R1 and R3 are hydrogen and R2 and R4 methyl are
    describe the stereoisomeric pair a. If R1 and R3 are methyl and R2 and R4 are hydrogen
    describes the stereoisomeric pair p. With R1 and R4 hydrogens and R2 and R3 methyl,
    describes the stereoisomeric pair and and, if R1 and R4 are methyl and R2 and R3 are hydrogen the stereoisomeric pair 5 is described.
    In particular, the multistriatin comprised in the composition of the invention is a mixture of four pairs of enantiomers (a, p, and 5), preferably, in an amount effective to attract insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    The term "effective amount", in the context of the present invention, refers to the minimum amount of multistriatin necessary to cause the attraction of individuals of the Diocalandra frumenti species to a particular area, area or object. In this application, the amount The minimum multistriatin corresponds to a value of 0.01 mg, of course, the exact amount required is variable depending on the type of area, area or object to be treated, the environmental conditions and the number of attraction days required.
    In the present application, the amount of multistriatin is preferably in a range of 0.01 to 1000 mg.
    In the context of this invention, the term "object" refers to an artifice that catches an insect and retains it. This application also refers to this object as a trap. Likewise, in the present invention it is understood as " area or zone ”the
    image 1
    OR
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    space where the composition object of the invention is applied to be able to attract Diocalandra frumenti insects to that specific point.
    Additionally, the attractant composition of the present invention may also comprise any combination of multistriatin isomers, provided that it comprises at least the active isomer.
    Multistriatin has been described as one of the three essential components of the elm bark beetle aggregation pheromone, Scolytus multistriatus Marsham (Coleoptero: Scolytidae), graphiosis vector (Sum, PE; Weiler, L. Stereoselective synthesis of (-) - a-multistriatin from D-glucose, Can. J. Chem. 1982, 60 (3), 327-334). However, it has also been confirmed that not all populations of these beetles respond equally to the different diastereoisomers that are part of the multistriatin attractant. For example, it has been found that while the stereoisomer (-) - a-multistriatin is biologically active for the American beetle population (Gerken, B .; Grune, S .; Vite, JP; Mori, K. Response of european populations of Scolytus multistriatus to isomers of multistriatin Naturwissenschaften 1978, 65 (2), 110-111), the (-) - 5-isomer is active for the European population (Izquierdo, I .; Rodriguez, M .; Plaza, MT; Vallejo, I. Stereoselective synthesis from D-glucose of (-) - d-multistriatin (component of the European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus, aggregation pheromone). Tetrahedron: Asymmetry. 1993, 4 (12), 2535-2540). Moreover, it has been observed that the addition or increase of the proportion of (-) - a-multistriatin in the synthetic attractant causes repellency in European beetle populations (Gerken, B .; Grune, S .; Vite, JP; Mori, K. Response of european populations of Scolytus multistriatus to isomers of multistriatin. Naturwissenschaften. 1978, 65 (2), 110-111).
    In the development of the present invention, evidences of the existence of aggregation pheromone in Diocalandra frumenti have been observed through studies carried out by comparison with a synthetic multistriatin sample. Until then there are no studies on the evidence, detection and / or identification of a pheromone aggregation for Diocalandra frumenti. Researchers from the Canary Islands Institute for Agricultural Research (ICIA), the Center for Agricultural Chemistry Ecology of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (CEQA), and the Valencian company Ecologla and Protection Agricola (EPA) have identified by chromatographic analysis
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    corresponding that one of the multistriatin enantiomers is a key component that is part of the pheromonal complex of the Diocalandra frumenti species. Said compound has been isolated as a volatile emitted exclusively by the males of this species (Figure 1).
    The composition described in the present application allows to exert an action of optimum attraction on the individuals of the species Diocalandra frumenti which allows its use to follow and control said pest at low cost.
    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multistriatin can be synthesized as a mixture of four pairs of enantiomers following, for example, the procedure described by Pearce et al. in 1976 (Pearce, GT; Gore, W.E .; Silverstein, R. M. Synthesis and absolute configuration of multistriatin. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41 (17), 2797-2803). Experiments carried out in the laboratory and later in the field have shown that the previous diasteroisomeric mixture shows a great attraction effect for the Diocalandra frumenti species. This result is surprising to any expert in the field, given the number of steroisomeric forms obtained in the synthesis performed. Moreover, in the present invention the mixture of stereoisomers itself is attractive, which is not evident to the person skilled in the art, and if it represents a great economic advantage both from an industrial (chemical synthesis) and commercial point of view.
    In another preferred embodiment of this invention, the attractant composition may comprise the multistriatin semi-chemical, preferably an effective amount of a mixture of four pairs of enantiomers (a, p, and 6), as an attractant of insects of the species Diocalandra frumenti, in combination with other additional components capable of modifying the physical properties of the attractive composition and / or protecting the composition from weather conditions. Example of additional components that can be incorporated into the attractant composition we find, among others, antioxidant agents, ultraviolet (UV) radiation protectors, and any combination of the above components, provided that none of the additional compounds included in the attractant composition cause repellency of the species Diocalandra frumenti.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    The attractant composition may additionally incorporate one or more antioxidant agents to retard or prevent oxidation of the attractant composition and / or one or more of its components. Preferably, antioxidant agents that may be included in the composition are selected from ascorbic acid, erythrobic acid, sodium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), sulfur dioxide, sodium erythorbate, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl galaxy of propyl, octyl gallate, dodecyl gallate, sodium hydrosulfite, lecticin, ascorbyl palmitate, tertbutylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and natural and / or synthetic tocopherols and any combination of the above antioxidants. Even more preferably ascorbic acid, BHT and TBHQ and any combination of the above.
    In the attractant composition the antioxidant agent may be between a 1: 1000 and 1:20 weight ratio with respect to the multistriatin weight content. Preferably the antioxidant agent is in a 1: 100 proportion by weight with respect to the multistriatin weight content.
    The attractant composition may also comprise one or more UV radiation protectors. These UV radiation protectors are intended to protect and preserve the attractant composition and / or one or more of its components from solar degradation. UV radiation protectors can be derived from PABA, salicylates, cinnamates, benzophenones, benzimidazoles, antralinates, terpenic derivatives, inorganic oxides and any combination of the above UV protectors. The following UV protectors are preferably included as non-limiting examples: 4-aminobenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 2- ethylhexyl trans-4-methoxycinnamate, ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, titanium oxide and / or zinc oxide and any combination of the above UV protectors. More preferably, the attractant composition of the present invention comprises 2- ethylhexyl salicylate, based on experimental studies of accelerated aging by UV irradiation, which demonstrate that the attractant composition has more durability if they contain this compound in comparison with other photoprotectors in the same period of time. .
    In the attractant composition the UV radiation protector can be between a 1: 200 and 1:20 weight ratio with respect to the weight content of
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    multistriatin Preferably the UV radiation protector is in a 1:50 weight ratio with respect to the multistriatin weight content.
    In another embodiment of this invention, the composition comprises multistriatin and an insect control agent.
    By "insect control agent", the present invention relates to a physical device or to one or more chemical substances that cause the death of the insect. The chemical substances preferably refer to insecticides, more preferably selected from the group of organochlorines, organophosphates. , carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, tetramic acids, biorational acids and any combination of the above insecticides.
    Additionally, the present invention relates to the combination of multistriatin with an insect control agent, where both compounds are located in the same object, zone or area of attraction.
    In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the attractant composition for Diocalandra frumenti can be formulated as a solid such as powders, granules, pulp, etc., or as a liquid, including aerosols.
    In another embodiment of the present invention, the attractant composition described in the present application comprises a vehicle, also called a carrier in the present application. Said vehicle may be a matrix capable of containing inside the multistriatin and, optionally, one or more additional ingredients mentioned above or it may be a substrate in the form of a layer on which the multistriatin and, optionally, one or more Additional ingredients of this invention are deposited, absorbed, adsorbed, sprayed, coated, and / or the like.
    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carrier may be made of wood, cellulose, plastic, ceramic, metal, leather, nylon, rubber, paraffin, wax, cotton, foam, textile material, granules, polymers, seals and adhesive tapes , among others.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Additionally, the present invention relates to the combination of multistriatin with one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This combination is particularly useful in the monitoring and / or control of the pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species; ace! as in the prevention of the damages caused by this plague in palm trees.
    The attractive multistriatin composition can be used in combination with one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of plants to increase the attraction of insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species, such as esters, alcohols, acids, ketones, aldehldos, benzoates, phenols, terpenes and any combination of the previous VOCs. Preferably as VOCs the attractant composition comprises propyl butyrate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl valerate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl laurate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, hexanoate ethyl, ethyl acetate, propionate acetate, 2-methylbutyrate acetate, acetate (E) -4-decenoate, dodecanoate acetate, ethanol, butanol, pentanol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-methylbutanol, 3-methylbutanol, acetic acid , butyric acid, isovaleric acid, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetolna), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, acetophenone, 2-pentanone, 2-hexanone, 2-butanone, nonanal, hexanal, decanal, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, propyl benzoate, phenol, p-cresol, p-ethylguaiacol, limonene, pinene, copane, anisole and any combination of the above volatile organic compounds. More preferably the attractant composition is combined with propyl butyrate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, dodecanyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethanol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-methylbutanol, 3-hydroxy- 2-butanone and any combination of the above volatile organic compounds. These compounds are present in the VOC profile of the plant material studied in the laboratory and have demonstrated an attractive activity of insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species both in laboratory tests and in field tests.
    Preferably, the VOCs that are combined with multistriatin are kairomonas.
    By the term "kairomona" in the context of the present invention, is understood all that substance involved in the chemical communication between different species and that benefits the receptor of the chemical signal. In the case at hand, the volatiles emitted by the host plant that are detected by the host will be kairomonas
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    pest species, so that it allows them to find the food source and / or the place for their reproduction. Preferably, in this application, natural kairomomas are used, understood as volatile substances emitted by pieces of plant material. Preferably, kairomonas from sugar cane, palm, palm fruits and any combination of the above act synergistically with the attractive composition of Diocalandra frumenti, attracting more weevils to a specific area, area or object. In an even more preferred embodiment, the kairomonas that can be combined with the attractive composition come from the sugar cane stems.
    The present invention also relates to a method for monitoring the insect pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species comprising using multistriatin, preferably the attractant composition described in this application.
    In particular, this method comprises placing the multistriatin and, optionally, one or more of the additional ingredients mentioned above in a carrier to obtain the attractive composition of the invention, and placing said composition in an area, area or object to which they want to attract the insects of the species Diocalandra frumenti.
    In this method the carrier can be a matrix capable of containing the multistriatin inside it and, optionally, one or more additional ingredients mentioned above or it can be a substrate in the form of a layer on which the multistriatin and, optionally, One or more additional ingredients of this invention are deposited, absorbed, adsorbed, sprayed, coated, and / or the like.
    Therefore, the present invention also relates to the use of the composition described in the present application for the monitoring of populations of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    This method comprises using multistriatin, preferably the attractive composition described in the present application, for the attraction and detection of males and females of the Diocalandra frumenti species in an area, area or object, so that this method allows population monitoring of that species.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Additionally, the present invention also relates to a method for controlling and preferably eliminating the insect pest of the Diocalandra frumenti species comprising using multistriatin, preferably the attractant composition of the invention, in combination with an insect control agent. This can be found in the attractive composition itself or can be applied separately, provided they are in the same area, area or object where the pest is intended to be attracted. This method for controlling the pest of said species can include the attraction, immobilization, capture and elimination of Diocalandra frumenti insects in an area, area or object. Therefore, the present invention also relates to the use of the composition described in the present application for the control of pests of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a method for preventing damage caused to palm trees by the populations of Diocalandra frumenti, characterized in that the method comprises using multistriatin, preferably the attractive composition described in the present application. This prevention can be achieved by using multistriatin for the attraction and detection of Diocalandra frumenti. This method allows monitoring this species and, if necessary, take the necessary measures to eliminate the pest before the effects of these insects on palm trees are detected, and avoid the irreparable damage.
    In another preferred embodiment, the present invention also relates to a method for preventing damage caused to palm trees by the populations of Diocalandra frumenti, where the method comprises using multistriatin,
    preferably the attractant composition described in the invention, in combination with an insect control agent. In this case, the prevention method comprises attracting and killing insects of this species by using multistriatin in combination with an insect control agent, which, if the attractant composition of the invention is used, can be contained in the composition itself. or it can be applied separately, provided they are in the same area, area or object where the pest is intended to be attracted.
    In the methods of monitoring, control or prevention of damages described in the present patent application, multistriatin, preferably the attractive composition
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    comprising multistriatin, can be used in combination with one or more VOCs, preferably from the list mentioned above.
    Preferably, these methods comprise the use of multistriatin, preferably the composition comprising multistriatin, with a kairomone such that multistriatin and kairomone although they are not present in the same composition, if they are in the same area, area or object where It aims to attract females and males of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    In the methods of monitoring, control or prevention of damage described in the present patent application, the attractive composition comprising multistriatin can be used, preferably, in combination with one or more kairomonas, since a surprising effect has been observed in the weevils' attraction capacity with respect to the mere utilization of kairomonas as illustrated in example 3 of the present application.
    Brief description of the Figures
    Figure 1: Figure 1 shows Detection of multistriatin in volatile samples of individuals from Diocalandra frumenti collected in the field. They are shown: (A) synthetic multistriatin mixture of isomers, (B) sample of male volatiles, (C) sample of female volatiles. It is observed that the peak with retention time 18.98 min detected in the male samples (B), does not appear in the female samples (C), and that it coincides with the synthetic multistriatin sample (A).
    Figure 2: Figure 2 shows the response of Diocalandra frumenti to multistriatin in olfactometer Y of double choice under laboratory conditions: (A) females and (B) males. Percentages with respect to the total of individuals that showed activity. The negative control was the pentane solvent in all cases. For each dose, the presence of asterisk indicates the existence of significant differences (test X2, P <0.05).
    Figure 3: Figure 3 represents the Mean (± standard error) of the number of individuals of Diocalandra frumenti (males, females and total individuals) captured by trap and dla in the multistriatin field attraction response test.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Bars with the same letter for each sex do not differ significantly (ANOVA, LSD test at P> 0.05).
    Examples
    The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in scope.
    Example 1: Detection of multistriatin in samples from Diocalandra frumenti males using volatile captation techniques
    Methodology
    For the capture of volatiles from Diocalandra frumenti, wild individuals from specimens infested with Canary palm trees (Phoenix canariensis) were used. To do this, various traps primed with sugarcane were installed in Gran Canaria and the captured individuals were taken to the Entomologla Unit laboratory of the Department of Plant Protection at the Canary Islands Institute of Agricultural Research (ICIA). This laboratory has been enabled to work only with D. frumenti to avoid contamination with external aromas, as well as allow the regulation of dark and temperature conditions required in the tests. The laboratory is kept in darkness, at 23 ± 2 ° C and 70-80% relative humidity.
    Once received in the ICIA, the insects are kept until they are used in the chamber of crla enabled for D. frumenti inside plastic containers on the same channel with which they were captured, at a temperature of 22 ± 2 ° C, with a humidity of 80% and in total darkness.
    Sampling of volatiles emitted by insects was carried out by aerating individuals and collecting effluviums in glass cartridges filled with adsorbent matrices, such as polydimethylsiloxane / divinylbenzene and Porapak-Q. Groups of individuals of each sex were placed in glass containers, through which a stream of filtered air of 0.2 l / min was passed. The cartridges with the volatiles captured in each session were sent to the laboratory of the Center for Chemical Ecology of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV). Volatiles were analyzed by
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry (CG-EM). The chromatographic analysis was performed on a Clarus 600 GC-MS (PerkinElmer) device, equipped with a ZB-5MS capillary column (30 m * 0.25 mm id * 0.25 pm; Phenomenex) and the following temperature program: 40 ° C for 2 min; 5 ° C / min up to 180 ° C and then increase up to 280 ° C at 10 ° C / min, keeping at 280 ° C for 1 min. Helium was used as a carrier gas with a flow of 1 mL / min. The detection was performed in electronic impact mode (70 eV) and the ionization source temperature was 180 ° C. The multistriatin was first identified by comparing its spectrum with that available in the NIST EPA NIH mass Spectral Library (version 2.0, build 4/2005) mass spectra database, and subsequently with that of a real sample synthesized by Ecologla and Protection Agricola (EPA).
    Outcome
    The chromatographic analysis revealed a peak that appears in volatile samples emitted by males and not in females, as can be seen in Figure 1. This peak corresponds to the multistriatin, tentatively identified from the coincidence with the Spectra library and subsequently confirmed by synthetic sample.
    Example 2: Biological assays of multistriatin activity in laboratory conditions
    Methodology
    The response of the Diocalandra frumenti individuals to the multistriatin was evaluated in the ICIA laboratory using a double-type "Y" type glass olfactometer (ARS Inc.) provided by the UPV. The olfactometrla sessions have been performed in dark conditions, at 23 ± 2 ° C and 70-80% relative humidity. The only source of light was a red fluorescent tube that allows the movement of insects to be recorded without affecting them. The olfactometer used is a "Y" shaped piece made entirely of glass to prevent maximum absorption of aromas on its walls and in turn facilitate the visualization of insects during the test. In the three distal ends it has extralble pieces that allow the introduction and extraction of insects. These pieces have a welded mesh to prevent their escape during the test.
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    Wild animals obtained in the same manner as detailed in Example 1 were also used for these tests. The day before each trial was sex and the number of insects required was selected, according to their physical state. Once the insects were selected, they were introduced into the laboratory in which the tests were subsequently carried out where they remained 24 hours in the dark, in acclimatization period. During these 24 hours the insects remained deprived of food, although if they were given distilled water embedded in a cotton pad. The insects were carefully selected so that everyone had all their limbs in perfect condition. The lack not only of some limb but of some tarsus, although it allows the locomotion of the insect, in case of a dorsal position during the test, it makes it difficult to acquire the ventral position again to continue the march. Therefore all insects are observed under the binocular to confirm their status before being selected. The procedure used is described below: during each test, a multistriatin sample was placed in one of the arms of the olfactometer and in the other a negative control (pentane solvent without activity). The doses to be tested for multistriatin and the respective controls are arranged on 1 cm2 filter paper in an amount of 20 pl and to avoid direct contact with the olfactometer walls were deposited on a 20 x 20 mm glass coverslip, avoiding ace! to the maximum the contamination. In parallel, a single insect is introduced at the opposite end of the olfactometer and a pump is put into operation, so that the insect begins to receive the flow of filtered air from both arms (0.8 l / min) that drags the stimuli tested. Then, the behavior of the individuals towards the sources of stimulation is recorded for 10 min. Once the test is finished, the insect is discarded, so that each insect is exposed to olfactory stimuli only once. Every 5 insects the olfactometer is rotated from position to avoid possible stimuli left by insects inside. The trials were conducted with at least 20 individuals of each sex for each of the doses of multistriatin evaluated (0.001 - 0.1 - 10 - 100 pg). The data obtained were analyzed by Chi-square test (x2 test, P <0.05).
    Outcome
    The results shown in Table 1 indicate that there is a significant response of both females and males to multistriatin, although this response was dose dependent as shown in Figure 2. Females
    showed significantly preference for multistriatin with the tested doses of 10 and 0.1 pg (Figure 2A). However, the males had a more restricted response and only responded significantly when the multistriatin dose was 10 pg (Figure 2B).
    Table 1. Statistical significance of the results obtained in the bioassays
     male females
     Dose (| jg)  answer1 x2 P answer1 x2 P
     100  it 2.29 0.131 - 18.00 <0.001
     10  + + 34.00 <0.001 + 16.00 <0.001
     0.1  + 24.63 <0.001 ns 1.20 0.273
     0.001  ns 0.15 0.695 ns 0.13 0.715
    1 type of response: (-) negative, (+) positive, (++) very positive, (ns) not significant, (*) marginally significant (a = 0.90)
    Example 3: Field attraction response tests
    10
    Methodology
    The response of Diocalandra frumenti individuals to multistriatin was evaluated in a field trial conducted in the Mas Palomas International Field area, located in the town of San Bartolome de Tirajana (Gran Canaria), during the month of February 15, 2016. 3 blocks of 3 traps were installed in alignments of Phoenix canariensis palm trees, following a randomized block system. Each of the blocks includes: (A) a barley trap with only sugarcane, (B) a barley trap with sugarcane and a diffuser loaded with 1 mg of multistriatin, and (C) a barley trap with sugarcane and a diffuser loaded with 5 mg multistriatin. 20 Within each block the traps were placed at a distance of 20 m from each other, while the distance between blocks was at least 30 m. All traps were placed embedded between the first and second ring of leaves, about 4 m high. The traps used were "Funnel" type modified with side holes. All traps contain 500 ml of water and 4 pieces of sugarcane resulting from the cross-sectional and longitudinal section of a 30 cm piece of cane. The diffusers loaded with multistriatin were rubber type septa and were placed hanging from the upper invagination inside the trap.
    The catches obtained in each of the traps were reviewed weekly and the captured individuals were taken to the laboratory to be sexed and counted. Each week the rotation of intrablock traps was carried out and the water and sugarcane were replenished in all traps to maintain the attractive level.
    5
    The number of individuals (male, female and total) captured by trap and with each attractant was compared by means of an analysis of variance (ANOVA; LSD test of comparison of means, P <0.05), previous transformation (ln (x +1)) of the data in order to homogenize the variance.
    10
    Outcome
    The results show that traps primed with multistriatin and sugarcane have a significantly greater attraction power than those primed only with cane, both for males and females of D. frnmenti, as shown in Figure 3. The Multistriatin load tested had no influence on the results and both doses captured 6-7 times more individuals than sugarcane (an average of 23 versus 3.7 total individuals caught by trap and dla, respectively). Therefore, the results show that the attractive power of the sugarcane alone is very low and that the addition of multistriatin to the traps 20 significantly improves the trapping system for D. frnmenti.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    1. - Attractant composition of the species Diocalandra frumenti characterized in that it comprises multistriatin (5-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo [3.2.1] octane).
    [2]
    2. - Attractive composition according to revindication 1 comprising an amount of multistriatin effective to attract insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species.
    [3]
    3. - Attractive composition according to any one of claims 1 or 2, comprising at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, UV radiation protectors, insect control agents and any combination of the foregoing.
    [4]
    4. - Attractive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said composition is in solid or liquid form.
    [5]
    5. - Attractive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said composition comprises a vehicle.
    [6]
    6. -Combination of multistriatin and at least one volatile organic compound of plants.
    [7]
    7. - Combination according to revindication 6 where the volatile compound of plants are kairomonas of sugar cane, palm, fruits of palm or a combination of the previous ones.
    [8]
    8. - Combination according to claims 6 or 7, wherein multistriatin is comprised in an attractive composition described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
    [9]
    9. - Method for monitoring populations of insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species characterized in that it comprises using multistriatin.
    [10]
    10. - Method to control pests of insects of the species Diocalandra frumenti characterized in that it comprises using the combination of multistriatin and an insect control agent.
    [11]
    11.- Method to prevent damage caused to palm trees by insects of the Diocalandra frumenti species, characterized in that it involves using multistriatin.
    5 12.- Method to prevent damage caused to palm trees by insects
    Diocalandra frumenti species according to claim 11, which comprises using the combination of multistriatin and an insect control agent.
    [13]
    13. - Method according to claims 10 or 12, wherein the insect control agent is an insecticide.
    [14]
    14. - Method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein multistriatin is comprised in the attractive composition described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
    fifteen
    [15]
    15. - Method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein multistriatin is used in combination with at least one volatile organic plant compound.
    [16]
    16. - Method according to claim 13, wherein the volatile plant compound is a kairomone selected from the group from sugar cane, palm, fruits of
    Palm tree and any combination of the above.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    Sundaram1996|Azadirachtin biopesticide: a review of studies conducted on its analytical chemistry, environmental behaviour and biological effects
    Nauen et al.2008|Biological profile of spirotetramat |–a new two-way systemic | insecticide against sucking pest species
    Schmidt et al.1994|Effect of Acorus calamus | oil and its main compound β-asarone on Prostephanus truncatus |
    Kaakeh2006|Toxicity of imidacloprid to developmental stages of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus |: Laboratory and field tests
    El-Ansary et al.2014|Biocontrol of root-knot nematode infected banana plants by some marine algae
    Mafra-Neto et al.2014|Development of specialized pheromone and lure application technologies | for management of coleopteran pests in agricultural and forest systems
    KR20160033103A|2016-03-25|Nematode repellent composition
    CN107821438A|2018-03-23|A kind of Pesticidal combination and its application
    Shelly2010|Capture of Bactrocera males | in parapheromone-baited traps: a comparison of liquid versus solid formulations
    Addesso et al.2014|Organic treatments for control of pepper weevil |
    Saïd et al.2015|Identification of the aggregation pheromone of the date palm root borer Oryctes agamemnon
    Sakul2017|Impact of Botanical Insecticides Derived from Pangium edule Reinw and annona muricata l. Seed Extracts on the “Gay Gantung” Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella l.
    US5676959A|1997-10-14|Phototoxic insecticidal composition and method for controlling insect populations
    ES2638713A1|2017-10-23|Attractive composition of the diocalandra frumenti species, methods for following, and/or control of plague, and/or the prevention of damage in palm trees |
    JPH05213711A|1993-08-24|Agent for suppressing physiological activity
    Morehead2016|Efficacy of organic insecticides and repellents against brown marmorated stink bug in vegetables
    KR20150039512A|2015-04-10|Multi-species attraction of stink bugs with pheromone compounds complex and its trap
    KR101621037B1|2016-05-17|Agrochemical composition for controlling scale insect pest comprising Quisqualis indica extract
    Sharaby et al.2016|Possibility using camphene as biorational insecticide against the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus |
    Gokturk et al.2017|Insecticidal effect of essential oils against fall webworm |)
    Singh1989|Loss assessment, ecology and management of mango fruitfly, Dacus sp.
    Conceição et al.2010|Potential of plant products as protectants of stored maize against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky |
    ES2760398B2|2020-11-06|ATTRACTIVE COMPOSITION OF THE SPECIES DELOTTOCOCCUS ABERIAE, METHODS FOR THE DETECTION, MONITORING AND / OR CONTROL OF THE PEST
    Cook et al.1995|The native anthocorid bug | as a field predator of Frankliniella occidentalis in Western Australia
    Lina et al.2017|Safety and effectiveness of mixed plant extracts formulation against cabbages pests under field conditions
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2638713B1|2018-06-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4108870A|1977-06-06|1978-08-22|University Of Chicago|Stereocontrolled synthesis of α-multistriatin|
    US6413508B1|1988-07-05|2002-07-02|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture|Green leaf volatiles as synergists for insect pheromones|
    ES2126535A1|1997-09-05|1999-03-16|Inia|COMPOSITION ATTRACTING INSECTS PERTAINING TO $i FAMILY AND USE THEREOF IN THE CONTROL OF PLAGUES IN PALM-TREES AND RELATED PLANTS|
    法律状态:
    2018-06-22| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2638713 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180622 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201630512A|ES2638713B1|2016-04-22|2016-04-22|ATTRACTING COMPOSITION OF THE DIOCALANDRA FRUMENTI SPECIES, METHODS FOR MONITORING, AND / OR PEST CONTROL, AND / OR PREVENTION OF DAMAGE IN PALMERAS|ES201630512A| ES2638713B1|2016-04-22|2016-04-22|ATTRACTING COMPOSITION OF THE DIOCALANDRA FRUMENTI SPECIES, METHODS FOR MONITORING, AND / OR PEST CONTROL, AND / OR PREVENTION OF DAMAGE IN PALMERAS|
    [返回顶部]